Plan your service call - Two simple options
Establishing crane compliance is often a matter of debate. Whether it is the delivery of new equipment or an inspection, many owners are wondering how to determine if their crane is compliant. Here is a concise answer to this question. Details and references are provided later in the article.
As part of this article and on the date of its publication, the standards that must be taken into account for compliance are:
First, there are minimum requirements for the design, setup, inspection and maintenance of overhead cranes and similar lifting devices outlined in the Canadian standard CSA B167-16 (latest revision). Although this standard is not directly referenced by the Règlement sur la santé et la sécurité du travail in Quebec (RSST fr.), it does act as a minimum standard to follow. In addition, the RSST states: "Every piece of lifting equipment shall be inspected and serviced in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions or standards providing equivalent safety..." (Section 245 paragraph 5).
When we talk about compliance of lifting equipment, we see some confusion among the owners. Inspection, load testing, engineering, compliance…how do we get through all this terminology? Let’s demystify a little bit!
Each document attached to a lifting device is important and provides relevant and useful information to its owner. For example, it is true that drawings sealed by an engineer or the results of a load test are among the items to be provided in the event of an audit. But the compliance of the whole equipment is not limited to these documents. Another example is the inspection report. This useful tool provides a picture of the condition of the equipment and the actions required. But this report is frozen in time. A bad manoeuvre performed immediately after the inspection may have compromised the integrity of the device! For this reason, the compliance of a lifting device involves much more than an inspection at a specific time. The owner must be able at all times to demonstrate through a set of documents that the equipment meets all the standards in terms of engineering, structural capacity, maintenance, etc. How does this work in practice?
To ensure that a lifting device complies with standards, the equipment history will be reviewed. To do so, the documentation will be verified to ensure that current standards have been met and applied at all stages prior to its use, namely: design, manufacturing, approval, commissioning, load testing, etc. The box opposite describes the information that the crane manufacturer must provide to its owner in accordance with CSA B167-16 5.1.5. Then the same exercise must be done with respect to the useful life of the equipment. Inspections, repairs, maintenance, modifications, etc. must always be documented and available for the audit. This is what we call the logbook.
In summary, crane compliance is not established briefly, but rather by a documented history from the design of the equipment to the end of its useful life. This information is the responsibility of the hoist owner. All these documents will establish the compliance of your lifting device, as specified in CSA B167-16.
How does a load test relate to compliance?
A load test, also known as a proof test, aims to "identify major mechanical defects in materials or fabrication, weaknesses in design, or other unforeseen conditions" (CSA B167-16, Annex I.1.1). This type of test should be reserved for specific circumstances and carried out with caution. Generally, an inspection is sufficient to gather the necessary information on the condition of equipment. Furthermore, a load test is not part of a regular inspection and does not replace it; therefore, it should not be performed routinely unless specifically required.
So, how does a load test relate to the compliance of lifting equipment? Typically, a load test is conducted when lifting equipment is first installed, after a significant modification, or in specific cases following a major repair. These actions should be recorded in the equipment's logbook, along with other interventions, to document its compliance.
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